SpaceX Dezhou chip factory to build a gas power plant in conjunction
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SpaceX plans to build a natural gas power plant to support the Terafab chip factory. The project will serve the chip demand of data centers in SpaceX and xAI.
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据彭博报道,SpaceX 本周表示,计划在得州建设的 Terafab 半导体工厂将配套天然气发电设施,以满足工厂用电需求,而不是采用特斯拉太阳能方案。该项目显示,随着 AI 数据中心和芯片制造扩张,科技公司正越来越多转向“自备电源”模式。

项目落地得州

Terafab 将建在得州格莱姆斯县,位于休斯敦市中心西北约 45 英里。作为交换条件,SpaceX 获得当地 100% 的税收减免,但需在 2030 年前至少投入 50 亿美元,并在 2035 年前创造至少 1800 个全职岗位。得州方面还将提供 3000 万美元激励。

报道显示,这座工厂首期投资预计为 168 亿美元,低于 SpaceX 早前提出的 550 亿美元总成本预估。工厂将生产面向数据中心的芯片,主要供 SpaceX 及其子公司 xAI 使用。

马斯克押注燃气供电

尽管马斯克长期投资太阳能业务,但其近来的能源布局明显偏向天然气。报道提到,xAI 位于孟菲斯的数据中心目前几乎完全依赖化石燃料供电。马斯克近期还收购了一家专注天然气电厂的公司,SpaceX 也表示,未来三年计划采购总额 28 亿美元的燃气轮机。

这一趋势并非个例。随着 AI 数据中心建设升温,行业内新建天然气电厂的提案快速增加,带动相关设备成本上升。报道称,天然气电厂成本已上涨 66%,谷歌、Meta 和微软近几个月也都公布了大规模项目。

得州成自备电源集中地

得州正成为这类“自带电源”数据中心项目的集中区域。报道称,目前当地已规划的相关装机规模超过 70 吉瓦。企业希望借此缩短项目建设周期,同时减轻大型数据中心接入公共电网后对居民电价的压力。

不过,这类方案也伴随环保争议。天然气轮机运行会带来明显排放。SpaceX 旗下 xAI 此前已因在美国污染较严重地区使用未经许可的天然气轮机而遭起诉。

从产业层面看,Terafab 不只是 SpaceX 的制造项目,也反映出 AI 算力、芯片与能源供应正在被打包规划。对大型科技公司而言,电力获取正成为与算力建设同等重要的基础条件。

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